Penn State University Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, United States
Background/Case Studies: The goal of massive transfusion protocol (MTP) is to replace the blood volume of a hemorrhaging patient. Cryoprecipitate (cryo) is a blood product included in an MTP that replaces coagulation factors consumed (Tobian, 2023).
In 2023, 55% of the cryo prepared for massive transfusion protocol was wasted equaling a cost of over $23,000 (Geisinger Medical Laboratory,2023). Approximately half of the recommended ratio of cryo units to whole blood or packed red blood cells was transfused during MTPs in the same time period, increasing a patient’s risk of hypofibrinogenemia (Burk et al., 2021; Geisinger Medical Laboratory, 2023; Khurram et al.,2021).
Study
Design/Methods: Surveys were developed to assess blood bank medical laboratory scientists (MLS) and bedside nurses’ perceptions on proposed MTP workflow modifications. Measures included themes from the surveys, the post intervention MTP waste in comparison to the pre-intervention period and comparison of cryo transfused per round of MTP pre and post intervention according to guidelines and facility protocol. Significance was tested using Chi-square analysis.
Stakeholder surveys to assess current workflows, modification and recommendations to blood bank MTP workflow. A revised MTP cryo workflow was developed from survey feedback.
Results/Findings: Themes from MLS surveys include fear of cryo waste, improved identification of cryo within the MTP cooler, comfort with use of the pneumatic tube system and communication. The waste of MTP cryo decreased from 55% to 25% post intervention period. Transfusion of cryo per round of MTP improved significantly with a p value of < .05.
Conclusions: There is an increased likelihood of acceptance developing a workflow based on input from stakeholders. A finite resource is preserved for those in acute need. Reduction in wasted product resulted in cost saving to the project site. Improved transfusion of cryo when it is indicated in an MTP will decrease the risk of hypofibrinogenemia and the deleterious patient outcomes